Barrister Shafique Ahmed passed Matriculation in 1953 from Comilla Govt. Zilla School in first division, Intermediate in 1955 from Dhaka College in first division. He obtained his honors and Master's degree in Geography from Dhaka University in 1958 and 1959 respectively. He secured first position in second class in both BA (Hon's) and MA examinations. He passed LLB from Dhaka University in 1963 and LLM from King's College, London in 1967. He received his Barrister-at-Law degree from Lincoln's Inn, London in 1967.

Barrister Shafique Ahmed was enrolled as an advocate in the High Court in 1967. He was elected President of Bangladesh Supreme Court Bar Association for 1999-2000 and 2008-2009. He was Chairman of Executive Committee of Bangladesh Bar Council and Vice Chairman of Bangladesh Bar Council. He was part time Lecturer of Law Department of Dhaka University from 1969 to 1973. He was Principal of Dhaka City Law College from 1973 to 2005, Syndicate Member of Dhaka University from 1989 to 1991. He was President of Democratic Lawyers Association of Bangladesh affiliated to International Association of Democratic Lawyers and an NGO named Dhustha Shasthya Kendra. He was Secretary General of Law Teachers Association of Bangladesh.

Barrister Shafique Ahmed married Professor Mahfuza Khanam on February 8, 1969 who was Principal of Manikgonj Govt. Mohila Degree College before retirement. Professor Mahfuza Khanam was Vice-President of Dhaka University Central Student Union (DUCSU) in 1967. At present she is General Secretary of Asiatic Society of Bangladesh. Barrister Shafique Ahmed and Professor Mahfuza Khanam are blessed with two sons and one daughter. Eldest son Dr. Mahfuz Shafique and daughter Dr. Masrura Shafique are doctors, youngest son Mahbub Shafique is a Barrister from Lincoln's Inn, London, now practicing as an advocate in Supreme Court of Bangladesh.

Barrister Shafique Ahmed was skilled sportsman during his student life.

He travelled widely and participated in many international seminars and conferences in different countries.

Barrister Shafique Ahmed has been appointed as the Minister of the Ministry of Law, Justice & Parliamentary Affairs on January 06, 2009.